Expresión de interferón gamma (IFN-γ), factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α) e interleucinas 2, 4 y 6 (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6) en células de neoplasias intraepiteliales de cuello uterino: Reporte preliminar

The purpose of this work was to determine the expression of type Th1 cytokines: IL-2 and IFNγ, and Th2: IL-4 and IL-6, as well as TNF-α in patients with precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix and their relationship with the human papiloma virus (HPV). 30 patients with precancerous lesions (NIC 1: 70%, NIC 2: 16,7% and NIC 3: 1.3%) and 9 normal controls were studied. A clinical history, gynecological evaluation, cytology and an uterine biopsy were carried out in each patient and control. PGR was used for the diagnosis of HPV. IFN-γ expression (positive cells/field) was increased in patients with NIC (5.06 ± 4.7 vs 0 in the control group; p < 0.05). TNFα was a little higher in pathologycal tissues than in the controls (5.23 ± 3.63 vs 1.55 ± 2.65; p < 0.05). IL-2 was higher in pathologycal cases than in the controls (8.73 ± 5.23 vs 0.33 ± 1, p < 0.05). IL-4 were expressed in both, patients and controls (6.53 ± 5.23 vs 5.77 ± 7.32). IL-6 was also higher in patients (4.63 ± 3.34 vs 0.77 ± 2.33; p < 0.05). When the HPV status was considered, only IFN-γ (p < 0.05) and IL-2 (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in HPV positive patients (n=4) compared to controls. When HPV+ patients were compared with HPV-patients, only IFNγ was significant (11.5 ± 5 vs 4.07 ± 3.8; p < 0.05). In conclusion, Type Th1 immune response prevails in patients with precancerous lesions, whether they are HPV positive or not.